A Multi-criteria Design Platform to Facilitate Active Journeys
Chief Investigators: Prof Marcus White (SUT), Prof Mark Stevenson (UoM), Dr Robyn Schofield (UoM), A/Prof Stephen Livesley (UoM), Dr Nano Langenheim (UoM).
Chief Investigators: Prof Marcus White (SUT), Prof Mark Stevenson (UoM), Dr Robyn Schofield (UoM), A/Prof Stephen Livesley (UoM), Dr Nano Langenheim (UoM).
We need tools to help design better walking environments to encourage walking
Develop digital walk-quality tools for assessment and design decision support
We will conduct the project using a cross-disciplinary iterative approach to research and technology.
Mobility independence is essential for health and well-being of communities. Proximity to service destinations such as public transport, schools and open space is widely accepted as a promoter of active transport choices and physical activity. Designing cities which are conducive to walking and cycling is critical to addressing physical inactivity, the fourth leading contributor to the burden of disease globally.
Neighbourhoods with high quality pedestrian environments including good network accessibility, comfortable topography (not too steep), have safe intersections with low level pedestrian risk, are tree-lined with good human thermal comfort and have low levels of air pollution encourage walking for transport and recreation.
Urban design professionals currently lack suitable tools to evaluate these built environment factors in an integrated design decision making process. New tools are needed which can be used to evaluate, quantify and communicate the ‘walk-quality’ of existing streetscapes as well as test and provide evidence of potential gains from improved designs (“what-if” scenarios).
Residents also lack tools to help them plan the safest, most comfortable and healthy routes.
This project is attempting to fill a gap in understanding the micro‑level spatial and environmental factors contributing to walk-quality and provide open-access digital tools to help urban design professionals make better planning decisions and help the community plan safer and more comfortable walking routes.
Five key factors that impact walk-quality acting as barriers to active journeys have been identified: pedestrian accessibility, topography (steepness), pedestrian risk (such as dangerous street crossings), human thermal comfort (including shading), and air quality (pollution).
The research will result in a prototype design decision support system (DDSS) – a loose-coupled digital toolset that quantifies, integrates and allows for weighting of multiple urban walk-quality factors.
The DDSS will be made available to urban designers, planners and policymakers to design and advocate for enhanced urban environments that facilitate active trips. The platform will also provide a conduit between the community and local government enabling informed participation in planning policy decisions.
Our cross-disciplinary team will conduct the project using an iterative approach to research and technology. This methodology based on an ‘agile’ software development model, where projects are incrementally delivered based on short design, development, and release cycles. We will work inclusively with industry partners through this iterative process of development, for testing and feedback, followed by dissemination of completed components.
We will build add-on modules to our existing pedestrian accessibility modelling tool – PedestrianCatch.com. It is a mature and widely adopted tool with over 20,000 uses (follow on twitter). PedestrianCatch is currently used to analyse pedestrian accessibility and offers an ideal framework for feature extension.
Swinburne University of Technology
University of Melbourne
Swinburne University of Technology
University of Melbourne
University of Melbourne
University of Melbourne
Swinburne University of Technology
University of Melbourne
North China University of Technology
The base technology, PedestrianCatch.com, analyses a pedestrian catchment area through agent-based modelling. A large number of intelligent agents navigate through the street network to measure the pedestrian catchment area (PCA) after being released at a central node (eg. school). The pedestrians interact with the street permeability, traffic, and crossings, measuring and mapping all the possible journeys that can be walked in a specified time (eg. 10 minute) period.
The first add-on to the tool, analyses the accessibility of a pedestrian catchment for people with mobility impairments through integration and assessment of elevation and terrain data. Street segments are measured for steepness and can be excluded from the street network based on a user-specified gradient threshold (eg. gradients over 1:14 may be too steep to traverse).
A risk analysis tool will expand a risk rating system developed at MUARC. Risk scores are calculated based on speed limits, traffic volume, road widths, the number of conflict points, and the type of crossing facilities provided (i.e. traffic signal, school crossing, or zebra crossing). These crossing risk scores are combined to rank journey risks for different routes and determine the impact of these risks on the extent of the accessible walking catchment.
Human thermal comfort (HTC) (i.e. lack of shading) and pollution (noise and air) are aspects of active journeys that have been under-explored with little research quantifying the link between the two. A methodology will be developed to quantify the impact these have on journey mode selection and added as a layer to the PedestrianCatch tool set to analyse potential walking catchments.
White, M., Huang, X., Langenheim, N., Yang, T., Schofield, R., Young, M., Livesley, S. J., Seneviratne, S., & Stevenson, M. (2022). WHY ARE PEOPLE STILL NOT WALKING? THE NEED FOR A MICRO-SCALED MULTI-CRITERIA SPATIO-TEMPORAL DESIGN APPROACH TO IMPROVE WALK-QUALITY. ISPRS Annals of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences, X-4-W3-2022, 269–276. https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-annals-X-4-W3-2022-269-2022
Huang, X.; Yuan, W.; White, M.; Langenheim, N. A Parametric Framework to Assess Generative Urban Design Proposals for Transit-Oriented Development. Buildings 2022, 12, 1971. https://doi.org/10.3390/buildings12111971
Huang, X.; Gong, P.; Wang, S.; White, M.; Zhang, B. Machine Learning Modeling of Vitality Characteristics in Historical Preservation Zones with Multi-Source Data. Buildings 2022, 12, 1978. https://doi.org/10.3390/buildings12111978
Langenheim, N., & White, M., (2022), “Responding to future climatic conditions of heat and flood: a design decision support system for street trees”, in Silva, C., (eds) Trends and Innovations in Urban E-Planning, IGI Global (in press 10/11/21).
Huang, X.; Gong, P.; White, M. Study on Spatial Distribution Equilibrium of Elderly Care Facilities in Downtown Shanghai. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2022, 19, 7929. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19137929
Gong, P., Huang, X., Huang, C., & White, M. (2022). Quantifing the Imbalance of Spatial Distribution of Elderly Service with Muti-source Data. Proceedings of the 27th CAADRIA Conference, Sydney, 9-15 April 2022, pp. 455-464
Huang, X.; Gong, P.; White, M.; Zhang, B. Research on Spatial Distribution Characteristics and Influencing Factors of Pension Resources in Shanghai Community-Life Circle. ISPRS Int. J. Geo-Inf. 2022, 11, 518. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijgi11100518
https://www.mdpi.com/2220-9964/11/10/518
Gong, P., Huang, X., Huang, C., & White, M. (2022). Machine Learning-Based Walkability Modeling in Urban Life Circle. Proceedings of the 27th CAADRIA Conference, Sydney, 9-15 April 2022, pp. 645-654
Huang, X.; White, M.; Langenheim, N. Towards an Inclusive Walking Community—A Multi-Criteria Digital Evaluation Approach to Facilitate Accessible Journeys. Buildings 2022, 12, 1191. https://doi.org/10.3390/buildings12081191
Li, Z.; Huang, X.; White, M. Effects of the Visual Character of Transitional Spaces on Human Stress Recovery in a Virtual Reality Environment. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2022, 19, 13143. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph192013143
https://www.mdpi.com/1660-4601/19/20/13143
Xu, W., Huang, X., & Kimm, G. (2021). Tear Down the Fences: Developing ABM Informed Design Strategies for Ungating Closed Residential Communities-Developing ABM informed design strategies for ungating closed residential communities. Proceedings of the 26th CAADRIA Conference – Volume 2, The Chinese University of Hong Kong and Online, Hong Kong, 29 March – 1 April 2021, pp. 467-477
White, M. & Langenheim, N. (2021), “A Ladder-truss of Citizen Participation: Re-imagining Arnstein’s ladder to bridge between the community and sustainable urban design outcomes”, Journal of Design Research (JDR) Inderscience Publishers (in‑press 2/11/21
Huang, X., Kimm, G., & Burry, M. (2021). Exploiting game development environments for responsive urban design by non-programmers-melding real-time ABM pedestrian simulation and form modelling in Unity 3D. Proceedings of the 26th CAADRIA Conference – Volume 2, The Chinese University of Hong Kong and Online, Hong Kong, 29 March – 1 April 2021, pp. 689-698
2021 (May – Nov 2021) White, M., Prohaski, D., Lafti, M., Langenheim, N, Huang, X., “Solve et Coagula City: Multi-criteria analytics for active urban alchemy” Time Space Existence – Exhibition, Palazzo Bembo and Palazzo Mora Venice, Biennial Architecture Exhibition
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